What are the causes of abrasive wear and adhesive wear in linear bearings

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What are the causes of abrasive wear and adhesive wear in linear bearings

When using linear bearings with quenched linear drive shafts, due to the point contact between the load ball and the drive shaft, a small load is allowed. However, when moving in a straight line, the frictional resistance is small, the accuracy is high, and the movement speed is fast. Wear failure is a common failure mode of various bearings during use.

Wear failure refers to the failure caused by relative sliding friction between surfaces, which leads to continuous wear of metal on the working surface. Linear bearings and continuous wear will gradually damage the parts in the linear bearings, ultimately leading to a loss of dimensional accuracy and other related issues.

Wear can affect shape changes, increase fit clearances, alter the shape of the working surface, and may also affect lubricants or contaminate them to a certain extent, leading to complete loss of lubrication function, resulting in loss of rotational accuracy and even inability to function properly in linear bearings.

The common forms of wear in linear bearings can be divided into abrasive wear and adhesive wear.

Abrasive wear refers to the wear caused by the relative movement of foreign hard particles, hard foreign objects, or abrasive particles invading the metal surface and contact surface between the working surfaces of linear bearings, which usually causes plow like scratches on the bearing working surface. Hard particles or foreign objects may come from inside the host, or other adjacent components from the host system may be fed into the linear bearings through lubricating media.

Adhesive wear refers to the uneven stress generated on the friction surface due to small protrusions or foreign objects on the friction surface. When the lubrication condition of linear bearings deteriorates severely, local frictional heat can easily lead to local deformation of the friction surface and friction micro welding. In severe cases, the metal on the surface may melt locally, and the force on the contact surface may tear the local friction welded joint from the substrate and increase plastic deformation. This adhesive tear adhesive cycle constitutes adhesive wear. Generally speaking, slight adhesive wear is called wear, while severe adhesive wear is called bite.

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